I take my gear carry on. Actually anything electronic is carry on, I took a work laptop to NZ in checked luggage but I didn't have an option. Also apart from very long international flights I try and always have my camera bag under the seat in front. I'm 6'2", so it's a pain with legroom without a bag there, but better that than broken gear from an inconsiderate pax.
Re: baggage, I've flown Qantas Y (Econ) internationally with 2 bags carry on (1 camera, 1 souvenir) and was not asked any questions. This has happened multiple times. However, my camera gear bag is a Kata sling style, quite small but long. If you have more of a bigger backpack style they may come down on you.
Would be best to check with the rules of the airline and what class you're flying. I believe Qantas recently changed carry on rules, so what I've said may not be a huge help.